{"id":93,"date":"2024-05-30T18:34:56","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T10:34:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/?p=93"},"modified":"2024-10-11T20:18:52","modified_gmt":"2024-10-11T12:18:52","slug":"day8-vim%ef%bc%8csek%ef%bc%8cawk%ef%bc%8cgreb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/?p=93","title":{"rendered":"VIM\uff0csek\uff0cawk\uff0cgreb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e00\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668vi\u3001vim<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fvi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3awindows\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668,\u6bd4\u5982\u8bb0\u4e8b\u672c,\u6bd4\u5982word\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

vi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3avi\uff0c\u800cvi\u53c8\u662fvisual editor\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u5b83\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5c31\u50cfEdit\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728DOS\u4e0a\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u5757\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u4f17\u591a\u6587\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u8f91\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

vi \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u7248\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u50cfWord\u6216WPS\u90a3\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5b57\u4f53\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u6392\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u83dc\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e14\u547d\u4ee4\u7e41\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u7528vi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1.\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u5199\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001vi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6309\u4e0bESC\u952e\u8fd4\u56de\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

vi\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u6210vi\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u590d\u5236\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u7c98\u8d34\u548c\u5220\u9664\u6b63\u6587\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u79fb\u52a8\u5149\u6807\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u9000\u51favi\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\/\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u8f93\u5165a\u3001i\u3001o\u4e4b\u4e00<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f80\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u6b63\u6587\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u88abvi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ESC\u952e\u8fd4\u56de\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u5728\u5149\u6807\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

i\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u5728\u5149\u6807\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

o\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u5728\u5f53\u524d\uff08\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\uff09\u884c\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u6269\u5c55\/\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u5192\u53f7:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4e00\u4e9bUNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53eb\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f16\u8f91\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u641c\u5bfb\u548c\u66ff\u4ee3\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5b58\u76d8\u6216\u9000\u51favi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7b49\u3002\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u5192\u53f7\uff08\uff1a\uff09\uff0c\u5192\u53f7\u8fd9\u4e00\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u628a\u5149\u6807\u79fb\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6c47\u603b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

vi ===> vim \u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# vim \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

a. \u5149\u6807\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

hjkl<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0\u5230\u884c\u5f00\u5934 $\u5230\u884c\u5c3e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

gg \u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c G \u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3G \u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/string(n N \u53ef\u4ee5\u5faa\u73af\u7684) \u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

%\uff1a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6240\u6709\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1,5\uff1a 1\u52305\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

,8 : \u9996\u5148\u5149\u6807\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c8\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2,$ : \u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6837<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b. \u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\uff08\u5c11\u91cf\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

y \u590d\u5236\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c yy 3yy\u590d\u5236\u5149\u6807\u5411\u4e0b3\u884c ygg\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u884c yG\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u590d\u5236\u5230\u6700\u540e (\u4ee5\u884c\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d .\u5220\u9664 dd 3dd dgg dG (\u4ee5\u884c\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

p \u7c98\u8d34<\/p>\n\n\n\n

x \u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D \u4ece\u5149\u6807\u5904\u5220\u9664\u5230\u884c\u5c3e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

u undo\u64a4\u9500<\/p>\n\n\n\n

^r redo\u91cd\u505a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

r \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c. \u8fdb\u5165\u5176\u5b83\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

a \u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

i \u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

o \u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A \u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

: \u8fdb\u5165\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

^v \u8fdb\u5165\u53ef\u89c6\u5757\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R \u8fdb\u5165\u66ff\u6362\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

^p \u552f\u4e00\u8865\u9f50<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

a. \u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

:10 \u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c10\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:w \u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:q \u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:wq \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:w! \u5f3a\u5236\u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:q! \u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:wq! \u5f3a\u5236\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\ude21 \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b. \u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

:\u8303\u56f4 s\/old\/new\/\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:1,5 s\/Note\/yyy\/ \u4ece1\uff0d5\u884c\u7684Note \u66ff\u6362\u4e3ayyy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:5,$ s\/Note\/yyy\/ $\u8868\u793a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:1,$ s\/to\/xxx\/g = :% s\/to\/xxx\/g %\u8868\u793a\u5168\u6587 g\u8868\u793a\u5168\u5c40<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:4,9 s\/^#\/\/ 4-9\u884c\u7684\u4ee5\uff03\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:% s#\/dev\/sda#\/var\/ccc#g<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:,8 s\/to\/xxx\/ \u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u5230\u7b2c8\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7279\u6b8a\u670d\u52a1\u8f6c\u4e49+\u66ff\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:%s \/\\\/a\\\/b\\\/c\\\/1\\.txt\/\\\/mmm\\\/111\\.txt\/g<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c. \u8bfb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\/\u5199\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

:w<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:w \/aaa.txt \u53e6\u5b58\u4e3a\/aaa.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:1,3 w \/2.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:1 w! \/root\/ccc.txt \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u9700\u8981\u52a0\uff01\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:r \/etc\/hosts<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:set nu \u8bbe\u7f6e\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:set ic \u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:set ai \u81ea\u52a8\u7f29\u8fdb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:set list<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:set nonu \u53d6\u6d88\u8bbe\u7f6e\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

:set noic<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\/etc\/vimrc \u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n

~\/.vimrc \u5f71\u54cd\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# vim ~\/.vimrc # \u5728\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e0b\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

set ic<\/p>\n\n\n\n

set nu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# vim -O \/etc\/hosts \/etc\/grub.conf ^w \u6309\u4e24\u6b21\u5207\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# vimdiff grub.conf \/etc\/grub.conf \u5bf9\u6bd4\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c^w \u6309\u4e24\u6b21\u5207\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# vim -p \/etc\/hosts \/etc\/grub.conf ^PgUp, ^PgDn<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6bd4\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

diff -u aaa.txt bbb.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5aaa.txt\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u7167\uff0c\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bbbb.txt\u6709\u4f55\u53d8\u52a8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

diff -u bbb.txt aaa.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001sed\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001stream editor\u6d41\u5f0f\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u90e8\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u662f\u8bfb\u4e00\u884c\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8bfb\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7f16\u8f91\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘\u5b9a\u4f4d+\u547d\u4ee4’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1,3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5219\u5b9a\u4f4d:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\/^egon\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/egon$\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/egon\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d+\u6b63\u5219\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

1,3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1,\/egon\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u67d0\u51e0\u884c<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘1p;3p;5p’ 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘1p;3d;5p’ 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

p \u6253\u5370<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d \u5220\u9664<\/p>\n\n\n\n

s\/\/\/g<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘1p’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘1,3p’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘1,3d’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed ‘1,3s\/xxx\/yyy\/g ‘ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed\u662f\u652f\u6301\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u53f7<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

ps aux | sed ‘1,50d’ # \u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879-i<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

-i: \u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8986\u76d6\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sed -i ‘1,3p’ 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt \negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed '' 1.txt\negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed -n '' 1.txt # -n\u53d6\u6d88\u6389\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6253\u5370<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
# \u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5370<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# sed '1p' 1.txt\negon1111\negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# sed -n '1p' 1.txt\negon1111<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
# \u884c\u53f7-\u8303\u56f4\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# sed  '1,3p' 1.txt\negon1111\negon1111\n22222egon\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt \negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# sed  '\/egon$\/p' 1.txt\negon1111\n22222egon\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n6666egon6666egon666egon<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u884c\u53f7+\u6b63\u5219<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
sed  '1,\/xxx\/p' 1.txt\t # \u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u5339\u914d\/xxx\/\u7684\u884c\u622a\u6b62\n[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt \negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed '1,\/xxx\/p' 1.txt \negon1111\negon1111\n22222egon\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
# \u5220\u9664\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt \negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed '2d' 1.txt \negon1111\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed '1p;2d;5p' 1.txt \negon1111\negon1111\n3333egon33333\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
# \u66ff\u6362\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
sed '1,3 s\/egon\/EGON\/g'\n[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt \negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33egon333egon\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed '1,3s\/egon\/EGON\/g' 1.txt \nEGON1111\n22222EGON\n3333EGON33EGON333EGON\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
# \u4e0d\u5199\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6240\u6709\u884c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
sed ‘s\/egon\/EGON\/g’ 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u884c\u53f7\u5b9a\u4f4d+\u6b63\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt \negon1111\n22222egon\n3333egon33egon333egon\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon\n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# \n[root@www ~]# sed '1,\/egon$\/   s\/egon\/EGON\/g' 1.txt \nEGON1111\n22222EGON\n3333egon33egon333egon\n4444xxx44444\n5555xxx55555xxxx555xxx\n6666egon6666egon666egon<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e09\u3001awk\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘\u5b9a\u4f4d+\u547d\u4ee4’ \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-F: \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u4e3a\u5206\u5272\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001\u884c\u53f7<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
NR==5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NR>=1 && NR<=3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
NR<=3 || NR >= 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
{print }<\/p>\n\n\n\n
awk\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘NR>=1 && NR<=3{print $1}’ \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001\u8bfb\u5165\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\uff081\uff09\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u6574\u4f53\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf$0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff082\uff09\u4ee5\u5192\u53f7\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5bf9\u8be5\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9 –\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9—\u300b$1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9 –\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9—\u300b$2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9 –\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9—\u300b$3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff083\uff09\u628a\u884c\u53f7\u8d4b\u503cNR\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff084\uff09\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5206\u7684\u6bb5\u6570\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfNF<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219’NR>=1 && NR<=3{print $1}’<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
3\u3001\u540e\u7eed\u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u590d1\uff0c2\u6b65\u76f4\u5230\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u9488\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5217\u4e0e\u7b2c2\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘NR>3{print $1,$2}’ \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘NR>3{print $1″——“$2}’ \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e94\u884c\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘NR==1 || NR==5{print $NF}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘NR==1 || NR==5{print $(NF-1)}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8865\u5145\uff1a[root@www ~]# awk -F’:’ ‘{print NR,$1,NF}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\u3001\u53d6root\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5217\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F’:’ ‘\/^root\/{print $1,$3}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u5185\u5bb9\u7b49\u4e8eroot\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u7b2c1\u30013\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F: ‘$1 == “root”{print $1,$3}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u5185\u5bb9\u662fr\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u7b2c1\u30013\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F: ‘$1 ~ \/^r\/ {print $1,$3}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6\u3001\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\u5185\u5bb9\u662fbash\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u7b2c1\u30013\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F: ‘$NF ~ \/bash$\/ {print $1,$3}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u662fr\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u7b2c1\u30013\u5217<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
awk -F: ‘$1 !~ \/^r\/ {print $1,$3}’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8\u3001awk\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u53f7<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
ps aux\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u524d\u5341\u884c\uff0c\u53d6pid\u4e0ecommand\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ps aux | awk ‘NR<=10{print $2,$NF}’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u662f1\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u6848\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# cat b.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u56db\u3001grep\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6587\u672c\u6216\u8005\u8fc7\u6ee4\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
grep \u9009\u9879 ‘\u6b63\u5219’ \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4 | grep \u9009\u9879 ‘\u6b63\u5219’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
-n\uff1a\u52a0\u4e0a\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-i: \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-rl: \u9012\u5f52\u8fc7\u6ee4\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u628a\u5339\u914d\u6210\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grep -rl ‘root’ \/a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-v\uff1a\u53d6\u53cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# grep ‘111’ 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# grep -v ‘111’ 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
222<\/p>\n\n\n\n
333<\/p>\n\n\n\n
444<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@www ~]# cat 1.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
222<\/p>\n\n\n\n
333<\/p>\n\n\n\n
444<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grep ‘^root’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grep ‘root$’ a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u8fc7\u6ee4\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ps aux |grep ‘sleep’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fc7\u6ee4\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b,\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u6389grep\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ps aux |grep ‘sleep’ | grep -v ‘grep’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ps aux |grep ‘[s]leep’<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e00\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668vi\u3001vim 1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fvi\u7f16\u8f91\u5668 \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3awindows\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668,\u6bd4\u5982\u8bb0\u4e8b\u672c, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=93"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":325,"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93\/revisions\/325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=93"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=93"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhaoyanqi.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=93"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}